Using a foveascope for their eye research, they looked more closely at the blue cones at Maxwell’s centroids (in the fovea, the retinal area in the centre of the macula) and found a difference between normal readers and dyslexic people.

For the normo-reader, the directing eye has a “round” centroid formed by the blue cones, whereas the non-directing eye has a more ovoid centroid. Thanks to this differentiation, the image perceived by the dominant eye is transmitted more quickly to the brain processing (occipital visual areas and/or Visual Word Form Area – VWFA).

For the dyslexic person, the blue cones of both eyes form a ’round’ centroid. The arrangement of these photoreceptors is therefore identical from one eye to the other. The two perceived images will be transmitted simultaneously to the visual information processing area. The occipital visual areas and the Visual Word Form Area will then have to process a very delicate superposition of images.

A sensory cause of dyslexia opens up the possibility of creating visual reading aids. This is how we created Lili. Through a stroboscopic effect of light, Lili erases the mirrored and superimposed images. In a way, the pulsed light will artificially recreate the directing eye.